Mitigation and Monitoring Measures

Figure from page 139

Figure from page 140

Mitigation Measures

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
Population and	Any developments resulting from the implementation of the Review which would be
Human Health	likely to have a significant negative effect on amenities in the plan area through air
	emissions, noise emissions, odours, water emissions or visual disturbance should
	be mitigated in order to eliminate significant negative impacts or reduce them to
	relevant limit levels.
Biodiversity	Protection of Biodiversity including Natura 2000 Network
	Protect designated sites including Special Protection Areas (SPAs) and Special
	Areas of Conservation (SACs), Natural Heritage Areas (NHAs), proposed Natural
	Heritage Areas, nited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
	( NESCO) World Heritage and NESCO biosphere sites, Ramsar Sites, Salmonid
	Waters, Shellfish Waters, Freshwater Pearl Mussel catchments, Flora Protection
	Orders and Species, Wildlife sites (including Nature Reserves); the Water
	Framework Directive (WFD) Register of Protected Areas; Wildfowl Sanctuaries and
	Tree Preservation Orders.
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review shall comply with
	relevant E Environmental Directives and applicable National Legislation, Policies,
	Plans and Guidelines, including the following:
	European nion (E ) Directives, including the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC, as
	amended), the Birds Directive (2009/147/EC), the Environmental Liability Directive
	(2004/35/EC), the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (2011/92/E , as
	amended by 2014/52/EC), the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and the
	Strategic Environmental Assessment Directive (2001/42/EC);
	National legislation, including the Wildlife Acts 1976 and 2010 (as amended), the
	Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended) and associated regulations,
	Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, the European Communities (Birds
	and Natural Habitats) Regulations 2011 (as amended), the Flora Protection Order
	2015, the Wildlife (NI) Order 1985 (as amended), the Wildlife and Natural
	Environment Act (NI) 2011, The Conservation (Natural Habitats, etc) Regulations
	(Northern Ireland) 2017 and the Strategic Planning Policy Statement (SPPS) for
	Northern Ireland;
	National policy guidelines;
	Catchment and water resource management plans; and
	Biodiversity plans and guidelines including National Biodiversity Action Plan 2017-
	2021 and Ireland’s 4th National Biodiversity Action Plan (Ireland), All-Island
	Pollinator Plan; Biodiversity Strategy for Northern Ireland to 2020 (Northern
	Ireland), Draft Environment Strategy (NI), the Draft NI Peatland policy, the Draft
	Green Growth Strategy (Northern Ireland) and Northern Ireland Energy Strategy
	2050; the Draft Green Growth Strategy for Northern Ireland, Draft Environment
	Strategy for Northern Ireland.
	(and any updated/superseding documents).

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
	Biodiversity and cological Networks
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review should aim to
	protect, restore and enhance biodiversity and ecological connectivity, including
	woodlands, trees, hedgerows, semi-natural grasslands, rivers, streams, natural
	springs, wetlands, geological and geo-morphological systems, other landscape
	features, natural lighting conditions, and associated wildlife where these form part
	of the ecological network and/or may be considered as ecological corridors or
	stepping-stones in the context of Article 10 of the Habitats Directive.
	The design of any developments arising from the implementation of the Review
	should aim to achieve no net biodiversity loss where practicable.
	The design of any developments arising from the implementation of the Review
	should aim to incorporate Biodiversity Net Gain where practicable.
	Invasive Species
	Appropriate invasive species surveys shall be carried out in advance of any
	construction/reinstatement works. Invasive Species Management Plans shall be
	prepared and implemented where re uired, following the assessment of invasive
	species surveys.
	irect Land Take
	The design of any developments arising from the implementation of the Review will
	ensure that measures are explored to avoid unnecessary land-take, in line with the
	ecological mitigation hierarchy which prioritises avoidance, and seeks to reduce,
	mitigate and then compensate and offset for adverse effects on biodiversity, in that
	order of preference.
	If land-take cannot be avoided, an assessment of the type (and use) of habitat
	present is re uired to determine suitable mitigation and/or compensation measures.
	Hydrological Change
	Where proposed work has the potential to result in hydrological change, and there
	is a European Site within the zone of influence, then design level modelling will be
	undertaken to determine any potential hydrological change as a result of any
	proposed construction works which may impact on the hydrology of sites within the
	zone of influence of the implementation of the Review, including European Sites
	designated for their international nature conservation importance. This will also help
	to inform the overall design of any infrastructure re uirements.

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
	Water Pollution
	Where proposed work has the potential to result in water pollution, and there is
	hydrological connectivity to a European Site, Surface Water Management Plans
	(SWMPs) will be prepared for planning submission of development proposals and
	implemented during construction where impacts on sensitive waterbodies are likely
	to arise. SWMPs will include appropriate measures such as temporary silt fencing,
	cut off ditches, settlement ponds and bunds set up early in construction to capture
	runoff and prevent ingress of sediments and contaminants into existing drainage
	infrastructure where necessary. Integrated and innovative solutions re uire a
	partnering approach best managed through a SWMP.
	Where implementation of the Recommendations presents a challenge to existing
	drainage systems, and/or the operation of a local drainage system is known to be
	complicated by interactions between river, groundwater and sewer systems or river
	and canal systems, submission of a Water Protection Plan and detailed site
	drainage plans will be re uired with planning applications associated with
	developments arising from the implementation of the Review, if a European Site
	falls within the zone of influence..
	Air Quality
	Where there is potential for implementation of the Review to result in significant
	increases in air pollution, and a European Site falls within the zone of influence of
	such implementation, then air uality modelling should be undertaken to determine
	potential air uality impacts of the implementation of the Review on sites, including
	European Sites within the zone of influence.
	Where increased air pollution may result in adverse effects on habitats, potential
	solutions to mitigate air pollution and resulting dust and nitrogen deposition may
	include: tree planting to reduce deposition of pollutants on a site (this is site and
	habitat dependent); preparation and implementation of dust management plans,
	screening and the provision of compensatory habitat (where practicable).
	Noise, vibration and visual disturbance
	Development proposals arising as a result of implementation of the Review will
	have regard to the re uirements of the Noise Directive 2002/49/EC and associated
	Environmental Noise Regulations 2006 ES 45 and European Communities
	(Environmental Noise) Regulations 2018 S.I. No. 549/2018 (Ireland) (and any
	updated/superseding documents).
	Development proposals will provide evidence that the design does not result in
	increased noise, vibration or visual disturbance to important ecological receptors
	within the zone of influence, in particular those that are Qualifying Interests (QIs) /
	Species of Conservation Interest (SCIs) of European Sites, to the degree that the
	noise/vibration/visual disturbance affects the integrity of the ecological receptor.
	In constructing development proposals arising as a result of the Review regard shall
	also be given to BS 5228 Part 1 (2014) and the European Communities (Noise
	Emission by E uipment for se Outdoors) Regulations, 2001 ’Code of Practice for
	Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites’ (and any
	updated/superseding documents).

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
	Lighting
	Proposals arising from the implementation of the Review will demonstrate that the
	design of lighting minimises the incidence of light spillage or pollution into the
	surrounding environment and that there is no unacceptable adverse effect on the
	integrity of European Sites (i.e. no unacceptable adverse effect on QIs/SCIs of
	European Sites).
	It should be demonstrated that the design and implementation of a hierarchy of light
	intensity zones has been factored into designs to ensure that environmental impact
	is minimised as far as possible particularly in areas proximate to ecological
	corridors and European Sites. It is encouraged that that any developments arising
	from the implementation of the Review maintain dark skies in rural areas and limit
	light pollution in urban and rural areas.
	Additional Recreational Pressure
	Improving the transport network across the Island of Ireland increases accessibility
	to protected areas, which places pressure on habitats and species within the
	protected areas, and can have adverse effects on the integrity of such sites.
	Mitigation re uirements would be dependent on the level of potential recreational
	pressure and the actual site in uestion, but mitigation needs to ensure that there
	are no adverse effects on the integrity of European Sites resulting from
	implementation of the Review Recommendations. Examples of alleviation include
	guided paths to less sensitive areas of Protected Sites, or reduced access at
	certain times of year when important features of a site are at their most sensitive
	e.g. breeding bird season.
Land and Soils	Land Take
	Development proposals arising from the implementation of the Review should be
	cognisant of the target of the National Planning Framework’s (2018) Strategic
	Environmental Assessment (SEA) to “Maintain built surface cover nationally to
	below the E average of 4%”.
	Geological Heritage Sites and Areas of Special Scientific Interest
	Development proposals arising from the implementation of the Review should
	contribute towards the appropriate protection and maintenance of the character,
	integrity and conservation value of features or areas of geological interest.
	GSI datasets should be taken into account as appropriate during the design or
	development of projects and plans arising from the implementation of the Review,
	including those relating to geoheritage, groundwater, geohazards, natural resources
	and coastal vulnerability.
	Contamination
	Ensure that ade uate soil protection measures are undertaken where appropriate
	on any developments arising from the implementation of the Review. Ade uate and
	appropriate investigations shall be carried out into the nature and extent of any soil
	and groundwater contamination and the risks associated with site development
	work, particularly where brownfield development is proposed.
Water	Flood Risk Management Guidelines
	Any developments resulting from the implementation of the Review shall be subject
	to plan/project level flood risk assessments.

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
	Legislation
	Where appropriate, any developments arising from the implementation of the
	Review should contribute towards the protection of existing and potential water
	resources, and their use by humans and biodiversity. This should be carried out in
	accordance with the re uirements and guidance in the E Water Framework
	Directive 2000 (2000/60/E ), the European nion (Water Policy) Regulations 2003
	(as amended), the European Communities Environmental Objectives (Surface
	Water) Regulations 2009 (SI No. 272 of 2009), the Groundwater Directive
	2006/118/EC and the European Communities Environmental Objectives
	(groundwater) Regulations, 2010 (S.I. No. 9 of 2010) and other relevant E
	Directives, including associated national legislation and policy guidance (including
	any superseding versions of same).
	Sustainable rainage Systems (Su S)
	Any new developments associated with the implementation of the Review should
	implement SuDS where possible.
Air and Climate	Air
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review should comply
	with air uality legislation and contribute to achieving greenhouse gas emission
	targets.
	Management plans shall be formulated based on the following best practice
	guidance from Ireland, the K (Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM) (2014),
	The Scottish Office (1996), K Office of Deputy Prime Minster (2002) and Building
	Research Establishment (BRE) (2003) (and any updated/superseding documents).
	Dust management plans shall be prepared and implemented for any major
	construction/reinstatement/upgrade works associated with the implementation of
	the Review.
	Climate adaptation and resilience
	Improve resilience and adaptation to climate change by taking into account issues
	including the following in the location and design of any developments/plans arising
	from the implementation of the Review;
	• Flood risk;
	• Susceptibility to major accidents/disasters;
	• Extreme temperature and associated implications including those relating to
	the operation of transport and ancillary infrastructure and services.

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
Archaeological,	Archaeological Heritage
architectural and
	Where practicable, developments arising from the implementation of the Review
cultural heritage
	should protect archaeological heritage by implementing the relevant provisions of
	the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended), the National Monuments
	Act, 1930 (as amended) (Ireland), The Planning Act (NI) 2011,The Northern Irish
	Historic Monuments, Archaeological Objects Order 1995 (Northern Ireland) and the
	Planning Act (NI) 2011, The Valetta Principles for the Safeguarding and
	Management of Historic Cities, Towns and rban Areas, the Convention for the
	Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (hereafter referred to as the
	Granada Convention) (Council of Europe 1985), the Framework and Principles for
	the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (Government of Ireland 1999) and the
	Code of Practice between the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht and
	Iarnród Éireann.
	Any plans or projects arising from the implementation of the Review will adhere to
	the existing Code of Practice between the Department of Arts, Heritage and the
	Gaeltacht and Iarnród Éireann (2012) and any future iterations.
	Any changes to archaeological heritage resulting from any new developments,
	reinstatement works or alterations to existing infrastructure arising from the
	implementation of the Review, shall be in accordance with the relevant legislation.
	Consultation with the National Monuments Service (NMS) of the Department of
	Housing, Local Government and Heritage (Ireland) and the Historic Environment
	Division of the Department of Communities (Northern Ireland) should be carried out
	for any plans/projects resulting from the implementation of the Review where
	impacts on protected sites are likely to arise. All assets as recorded in the Historic
	Environment Record of Northern Ireland will be considered at project / development
	level.
	Any developments associated with the implementation of the Review should
	contribute, where relevant, towards the protection and preservation of underwater
	archaeological sites in riverine, intertidal and sub-tidal locations.

Figure from page 146

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
	Architectural Heritage
	Where possible developments arising from the implementation of the Review
	should contribute towards the protection of architectural heritage by adhering to the
	relevant legislative provisions of the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as
	amended) and The Planning Act (NI) 2011, in relation to architectural heritage and
	the policy guidance contained in the Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines
	2011 (Ireland) and The Northern Irish Historic Monuments and Archaeological
	Objects Order 1995 (Northern Ireland) (and any updated/superseding documents).
	Any changes to architectural heritage or it’s curtilage, resulting from any new
	developments, reinstatement works or alterations to existing infrastructure resulting
	from the implementation of the Review, shall be in compliance with relevant
	legislation.
	Any plans/projects arising from the implementation of the Review will have regard
	to the Historic Environment Division’s Record of assets which have protections
	under the regional and local planning policies in Northern Ireland, including Historic
	(and Listed Buildings), designated Areas of Significant Archaeological Interest
	(ASAI), Historic Parks, Gardens and Demesnes, Defence and Industrial Heritage
	and shipwrecks and maritime heritage where relevant. All assets as recorded in the
	Historic Environment Record of Northern Ireland will be considered at project /
	development level.
	In addition, any plans/projects arising from the implementation of the Review will
	have regard to aspects of heritage not fully covered by those held on formal records
	- e.g. the wealth of vernacular heritage, particularly across the rural landscape,
	historic routeways, boundaries, and townland and parish boundaries.
Landscape and	Developments and plans arising from the implementation of the Review should
Visual	contribute, where possible, towards the protection of county and local level
	landscape designations from incompatible developments. Any developments which
	may arise from the implementation of the Review that have the potential to result in
	negative effects on these designations shall be accompanied by an assessment of
	the potential landscape and visual impacts of any such development. This will
	demonstrate that potential landscape effects have been anticipated and avoided to
	a level consistent with the sensitivity of the landscape and the nature of the
	designation.
	Protect amenity value and minimise negative effects on amenity value resulting
	from any new developments, reinstatement works or alterations to existing
	infrastructure arising from the implementation of the Review.
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review should protect the
	landscape character and visual potential of the coast and conserve the character
	and uality of seascapes.
	Cognisance shall be given to the information and recommendations contained in
	the Landscape Strategy for Ireland 2015-2025, the Northern Ireland Regional
	Landscape Character assessment and the Shared Horizons Statement of Policy on
	Protected Landscapes in Northern Ireland during the development of any projects
	and plans arising from the implementation of the Review.
	Any future plans/programmes arising from the implementation of the Review will
	have regard to existing and new landscape guidance documents.

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
Material Assets	Resources and Waste
	All waste arising during any construction or reinstatement works arising from the
	implementation of the Review shall be managed and disposed of in accordance
	with relevant legislation. Waste management plans shall be implemented to
	minimise waste and ensure correct handling and disposal of construction wastes
	streams.
	Where possible ensure that the principles of reduce, reuse and recycle are
	implemented on any developments arising from the implementation of the Review.
	Land-Use and Infrastructure
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review should protect
	public assets and infrastructure including public open spaces, parks and
	recreational areas, public buildings and services and utility infrastructure (electricity,
	gas, telecommunications, water supply, wastewater infrastructure etc).
Noise	Consideration of existing noise policy in Ireland and Northern Ireland, for example
	noise mapping and noise action plans produced by Local Authorities.
	Consideration of likely noise impacts / effects associated with new developments.
	This includes being cognisant of proximity to sensitive receptors when siting new
	developments and the noise levels associated with the construction plant and
	operation of the rail network.
	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review should comply
	with the Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC) and any noise-related
	planning re uirements.
	Consideration of updated Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Department
	of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) noise maps in Ireland and
	Northern Ireland.
	Consideration of 2030 zero-pollution objectives to reduce noise, such as retrofitting
	rail with uiet brakes and pads, where appropriate.

Figure from page 148

nvironmental	Mitigation Measure
Aspect
All	Preparation of a Construction nvironmental Management Plan
	Construction Environmental Management Plans (CEMP) shall be prepared for any
	major construction/reinstatement works associated with the implementation of the
	Review.
	The CEMP shall include, but not limited to, the following information:
	Description of the project;
	Description of the construction works re uired (including duration and phasing,
	location, sensitive receptors etc);
	Details of any environmental assessments carried out to inform the CEMP;
	Roles and responsibilities (including training and competencies);
	Details on environmental management, including details of any environmental
	management systems, identification of the relevant regulations and re uirements,
	environmental awareness and commitments;
	Identification of potential negative environmental effects and mitigation measures to
	reduce or avoid said impacts (including mitigation measures relating to population
	and human health, biodiversity, land and soils, water, air and climate,
	archaeological, architectural and cultural heritage, landscape and visual, material
	assets (including infrastructure, waste and resources).
	Procedures for audits, monitoring and inspections.
All	Operational Phase Maintenance Plans should be developed where relevant for any
	major developments arising from the implementation of the Review.
All	Any new railway lines shall be subject to feasibility, constraints and route options
	selections assessments.
All	Any developments arising from the implementation of the Review shall be subject to
	the relevant environmental assessments, as re uired (i.e. Environmental Impact
	Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment Screening, Appropriate
	Assessment, Habitats Regulations Assessment).

Figure from page 149

Table C.1 Strategic Environmental Assessment and Appropriate Assessment Mitigation Measures

Monitoring Measures

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
Population and Human	Improved	Central Statistics Office	Central Statistics Office
Health	accessibility/proximity to	(CSO) Census Reports	(every 6 years) and
	rail transport	(Ireland) and Northern	Northern Ireland
		Ireland Statistics and	Statistics and Research
	Mode share of rail
		Research Agency	Agency (every 10 years)
	transport (passenger
		Census Reports
	and freight)
		(Northern Ireland)
	Improvement in air
		Environmental	EPA (annual air uality
	uality due to modal
	shift	Protection Agency	reports) and DAERA
		(EPA)’s annual air	(annual air uality
	Reduction in
		uality reports (Ireland)	reports)
	Greenhouse Gas (GHG)
		and the Department of
	emissions from rail
		Agriculture,
	transport and due to
		Environment and Rural
	modal shift
		Affairs (DAERA) data on
	Status and uality of	air uality (Northern
	waterbodies near	Ireland).
	railway infrastructure
		Irish Water and	EPA (continuously) and
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (continuously)
		Water’s water uality
		reports.
		Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
		of projects	monitoring provisions of
		developments re uired	EIA/ AA
		under separate
			In accordance with the
		processes
			monitoring provisions of
		(Environmental Impact
			the lower-level plans.
		Assessment (EIA);
		Appropriate
		Assessment (AA))
Biodiversity	Conservation	The Status of European	DHLGH (every 6 years)
	status/habitat uality for	nion (E ) Protected
	all sites and species	Habitats and Species in
	located near railway	Ireland Article 17 Report
	infrastructure.	(Department of
		Housing, Local
	Conservation
		Government and
	status/habitat uality for
		Heritage (DHLGH))
	all sites and species
	positively impacted by
	an improvement in air
		DHLGH report of the	In accordance with the
	uality due to modal
	shift and/or	implementation of the	monitoring provisions of
	decarbonisation of rail.	measures contained in	EIA/ AA.
		the Habitats Directive -
	Level of biodiversity
		as re uired by Article 17
	gain achieved as a
		of the Directive.
	result of the

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
	implementation of the	Monitoring of the effects	National Parks and
	Review.
		of railway related project	Wildlife Service (NPWS)
	Level of biodiversity lost	development re uired	(varies)
	as a result of the	under separate
	implementation of the	processes (EIA, AA).
	Review.
		Monitoring of the results	Local Authority Waters
		of any ecological	Programme (LAWPRO)
		surveys carried out for	Catchment Scientists
		any developments	(varies)
		arising from the
		implementation of the
		Review.
		pdates to National	In accordance with the
		Red List Check List	monitoring provisions of
		(Ireland)	the lower-level plans.
		Targeted Local	European Economic
		Catchment	Area (EEA) and EPA
		Assessments	(continuously)
		Monitoring related to	EPA (every 4 years)
		relevant Local Area
		Plans and County/City
		Development Plans.
		Corine and Táilte	EPA and DAERA
		mapping.	(continuously)
		EPA State of the	EPA (yearly)
		Environment Report
		2020.
		Ireland’s National Water	Inland Fisheries Ireland
		Framework Directive	(IFI) (varies)
		Monitoring Programme,
		2019-2021.
		EPA Water Quality of	Birdwatch Ireland (every
		Ireland Report.	6 years)
		Inland Fisheries Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		(IFI) – Protected
		Freshwater Species –
		Atlantic Salmon etc –
		trends in protected
		freshwater species,
		population, distribution,
		health etc.

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
		Birds of Conservation	In accordance with the
		Concern Ireland –	monitoring provisions of
		Monitoring by Birdwatch	EIA/ AA.
		Ireland on status,
		distribution, population
		etc.
Land and Soils	Incidences of soil	Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
	contamination near	of project developments	monitoring of provisions
	railway infrastructure	re uired under separate	of EIA/AA
		processes (EIA, AA)
	Rates of re-
	use/recycling of
		EPA State of the	EPA (every 4 years)
	construction waste
	related to	Environment Report
	implementation of the	2020
	Review
		CSO Census Reports	Central Statistics Office
	Rates of brownfield site
		(Ireland) and Northern	(every 6 years) and
	and contaminated land
		Ireland Statistics and	Northern Ireland
	re-use and development
		Research Agency	Statistics and Research
	near railway
		Census Reports	Agency (every 10 years)
	infrastructure
		(Northern Ireland)
	Rates of greenfield
		Monitoring for	GSI and GSNI (varies)
	development near
	railway infrastructure	Geological Survey
		Irelands (GSI) (Ireland)
		and Geological Survey
		of Northern Ireland
		(GSNI) Database.
		Corine and Táilte	EEA and EPA
		mapping.	(continuously)
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report
Water	Status and uality of	Ireland’s National Water	EPA, continuously.
	waterbodies near	Framework Directive
	railway infrastructure.	Monitoring Programme,
		2019-2021. River Basin
	Number of significant
		Management Plan for
	pollution events
		Ireland 2018 -2021
	recorded as a result of
		(2022 – 2027).
	the implementation of
	the Review.	Draft 3rd cycle River	EPA (continuously) and
		Basin Management	DAERA (continuously)
		Plan (RBMP) 2021-
		2027 for Northern
		Ireland

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
		Irish Water and	DHLGH (every 6 years)
		Northern Ireland
		Water’s water uality
		reports.
		The Status of E	EPA (every 4 years)
		Protected Habitats and
		Species in Ireland
		Report (Department of
		Housing, Local
		Government and
		Heritage)
		EPA State of the	EPA (continuous)
		Environment Report
		2020.
		Ireland’s National Water	Office of Public Works
		Framework Directive	(OPW) (every 3 years)
		Monitoring Programme
		Monitoring in the	EPA Catchment nit,
		Review of Flood Risk	DHLGH and relevant
		Management Plans	local authorities (varies)
		2021.
		Monitoring for the EPA	DAERA (annually)
		Catchments nit and
		Local Authority Waters
		Programme.
		Northern Ireland	EPA (continuously) and
		Environmental Statistics	DAERA (continuously)
		Report
Air Quality and Climate	General air uality	Environmental	EPA (annual air uality
	results in Ireland and	Protection Agency’s	reports) and DAERA
	Northern Ireland.	annual air uality	(annual air uality
		reports (Ireland) and the	reports)
	The level of GHG
		Department of
	emission from rail
		Agriculture,
	transport changes over
		Environment and Rural
	the plan period.
		Affairs data on air
		uality (Northern
		Ireland).
	Mode share of rail
	transport (passenger
	and freight)
	Nitrogen deposition
		Air Quality Monitoring	EPA (continuous)
		Stations around Ireland.
		EPA State of the	EPA (every 4 years)
		Environment Report
		2020.

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
		EPA Greenhouse Gas	EPA (annually)
		Emissions Report.
		EPA Climate Change	EPA (varies)
		Projections.
		Climate Change	Climate Change
		Committee in Northern	Committee Northern
		Ireland reports	Ireland (continually)
		Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
		of project development	monitoring provisions of
		re uired under separate	EIA/ AA
		processes (EIA, AA)
		Monitoring related to	Various regional, county
		relevant Local Area	and local area
		Plans and County/City	development plans
		Development Plans or	(varies)
		Regional Spatial and
		Economic Strategy
		(RSES)
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report
Archaeological,	Avoidance of significant	Registers of nationally	NMS (National
Architectural and	adverse effects to sites	protected sites and	Monuments Service)
Cultural Heritage	and features of	structures.	and ABH
	archaeological/architect		(Architectural and Built
	ural/cultural heritage as		Heritage nit) of the
	a result of the		Department of Housing,
	implementation of the		Local Government and
	Review.		Housing, NESCO and
			Department for
	Condition of heritage
			Communities Historic
	assets near or
			Environment Division
	associated with railway
			(continually).
	infrastructure.
		Monitoring related to	Various regional, county
	Projects progressed
	under the Review	relevant regional, Local	and local area
	comply with the Code of	Area Plans and	development plans
	Practice between the	County/City	(varies)
	Department of Arts,	Development Plans.
	Heritage and the
		Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
	Gaeltacht and Iarnród
	Éireann (2012) or any	of rail projects and or	monitoring provisions of
	future revisions to that	development re uired	EIA/AA
	Code of Practice.	under separate
		processes (EIA, SEA
		AA)

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report
Landscape and Visual	No deterioration of	Monitoring related to	Various regional, county
	landscape or areas with	relevant Local Area	and local area
	scenic value e.g. Areas	Plans and County/City	development plans
	of High Amenity, Areas	Development Plans or	(varies)
	of Outstanding Natural	RSES’s e.g., Landscape
	Beauty and Protected	Character Assessments
	Views as a result of the
		National Landscape	Department of Tourism,
	implementation of the
	Review	Strategy for Ireland	Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht,
		2015-2025	Sport and Media (every
			10 years)
		Landscape Character	Northern Ireland
		Assessments of	Environment Agency
		Northern Ireland	(varies)
		Corine and Táilte	EEA and EPA
		mapping.	(continuously)
		Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
		of project development	monitoring provisions of
		re uired under separate	EIA/AA
		processes (EIA, AA)
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report
Material Assets	Statistics relating to rail	CSO Census Reports	Central Statistics Office
	usage (including	(Ireland) and Northern	(every 6 years) and
	number of passengers	Ireland Statistics and	Northern Ireland
	and journey times).	Research Agency	Statistics and Research
		Census Reports	Agency (every 10 years)
	Economic growth
		(Northern Ireland)
	statistics – particularly
	those relating to	Monitoring related to	Various regional, county
	transport (rail).
		relevant regional, Local	and local area
	Mode share of rail	Area Plans and	development plans
	transport (passenger	County/City	(varies)
	and freight)	Development Plans.
		Monitoring of the effects	In accordance with the
		of project development	monitoring provisions of
		re uired under separate	EIA/AA
		processes (EIA, AA)
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report

nvironmental	Indicators	Monitoring Sources	Frequency/Responsibi
Component			lity
Noise	Changes and level of	EPA Noise Mapping for	EPA
	noise associated with	Ireland
	construction and
		Strategic Noise Maps	Irish Rail (Ireland);
	operation of the rail
	network over the plan		Translink NI Railways
	period.		(Northern Ireland)
		Noise Action Plans	Local Authorities, every
			5 years (Ireland) and Air
			and Environmental
			Quality nit (AEQ)
			DAERA, every 5 years
			(Northern Ireland)
		Northern Ireland	DAERA (annually)
		Environmental Statistics
		Report

Figure from page 156

Table C.2 Strategic Environmental Assessment and Appropriate Assessment Monitoring Measures